Review Questions for Cell Division, Genetics and Evolution
- Be able to label an unlabeled mitosis diagram.
- Be able to label an unlabeled meiosis diagram.
- Who proposed the theory of Spontaneous Generation?
- When a trait is coded by a series of genes all on different chromosomes, this is called what?
- With complete dominance and monohybrid cross, what will the phenotype and genotype ratios be in the F2?
- If two traits are linked, what does this mean?
- In a linkage cross, unexpected phenotypes are the result of what?
- Two cells that formed from the result of mitosis have how many chromosomes relative to the starting cell?
- If a trait is passed from father to son then to his son, the gene is located on which chromosome?
- Who proposed the laws of genetics?
- What would the genotype plus the environmental forces produce?
- What is the difference between a trait which is allelic and one that is nonallelic?
- Assume dark coat color is dominant over light. If you cross two dark animals of unknown parentage, what would the offspring be colored?
- Who is known for his work on sex inheritance and fruit flies?
- If two alleles are the same, this is called what?
- If the two alleles are different, what is this called?
- Where in the organism does meiosis occur?
- Identify the mitosis stage in the following photos.
- What is the first law of genetics?
- What does independent assortment refer to?
- In a dihybrid cross with complete dominance, what would the F1 phenotype ratio be?
- If a genetic cross produced 9/16 red tall, 3/16 red short 3/16 white tall and 1/16 white short, what was the hybrid cross (F1)?
- In the symbolism of "Aa", what does the "a" usually indicate?
- If the genotype is AaBb what would all the gamete combinations be?
- Who developed his own theory of evolution, just as Darwin was getting ready to publish?
- Give the genotype of a heterozygous dark body (D) sex-linked white eye male(w).
- With a backcross a heterozygous individual times homozygous recessive individual, what will the resulting phenotype ratio would be?
- In protein synthesis, where does transcription and translation occur?
- What is the role of messenger RNA?
- What is the role of transfer RNA?
- On which RNA is the anticodon located?
- On which RNA is the codon located?
- How many nitrogen bases are needed to code for one amino acid?
- Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait. If both parents are carriers, what is the probability of a child with sickle cell anemia?
- When unrelated organisms resemble each other from a similar environment, this is an example of what kind of evolution?
- What is a general definition of species?
- How do plants use polyploidy?
- Give an example of a trait which is a multiple alleles.
- How long did it take for Darwin to finish his book "Origin of the Species" after he got back from his trip around the world?
- Does natural selection work on every bad gene?
- In a population, 99% of the people do not show a homozygous recessive disease. What percent of the population carry the bad gene?
- What is necessary in the process of Speciation?
- If two different species mate and produce viable young, but the young are infertile, what does this represent?
- Relate the role of repressor, regulator, promoter, operator, and operon to gene action.
- What is genetic drift?
- With incomplete dominance, what is the relationship between the number of phenotypes and the number of genotypes?
- What is Walter Sutton know for?
- What was the relationship between Darwin and Mendel?
- What was Weismann contribution to the understanding of evolution?
- What is an autosome?
- What does the Hardy-Weinberg Law measure?
- Name the conditions of the Hardy - Weinberg Law
- Sample cross 1
- Sample cross 2
- Sample Cross 3
- Sample cross 4
- Sample cross 5
- We would expect that a 24-nucleotide mRNA sequence could direct the production of a short protein that consists of AT MOST of how many amino acids?
- What are the functions of the "Cap", "Tail", "Exons" and "Introns" in a eukaryotic chromosome undergoing transcription.
- Two closely related species are in the same habitat at the same time and yet there is no sign of interbreeding. Is this an example of sympatric or allopatric species?
- What is the process called when a species become different through habitat selection from a common ancestor?
- Does the operon theory of DNA structure work for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?
- If a codon in mRNA contained 36 codes, and remebering that each strand has a "stop" and a "start" code, how many amino acids in a chain would it code for?
- Give an example of convergent evolution.
- Give an examples of coevolution